Developing scientific argumentation strategies using revised argument-driven inquiry (rADI) in science classrooms in Thailand

Asia-Pacific Science Education

Table 1 A comparison of the main elements of scientific argumentation skills

Elements of scientific argumentation	Toulmin (1958)	Anuworrachai (2014)	Lin and Mintzes (2010)
Claims	√	√	√
Reasoning /Warrants	√	√	√
Data /Evidence	√	√	√
Counter-arguments	–	–	√
Backing/Supportive arguments	√	–	√