Table 5 The teaching activities proposed by the CHC teachers to apply to the designed curriculum

Engagement

i

Using a few key questions to reveal students’ prior knowledge and curiosity

ii

Staying open to students’ responses

Experience

PREDICTING

iii

Delivering the task and being sure that student groups know what to do and how to do the task

iv

Establishing time for group discussion

v

Observing and supervising groups while they do their group tasks

vi

Encouraging students to present answers, and compare and assess answers

vii

i

Staying open to students’ responses

HANDS-ON

viii

iii

Delivering the task and being sure that student groups know what to do and how to do the task

ix

iv

Establishing time for group discussion

x

v

Observing and supervising groups while they do their group tasks

xi

Using open-ended elaborative questions to guide students

xii

Staying open-minded and friendly while interacting with students

Exchange

xiii

vi

Encouraging students to present answers, and compare and assess answers

xiv

Stimulating groups to interact and argue with each other

xv

xi

Using open-ended elaborative questions to guide students in grasping deeper knowledge

xvi

xii

Staying open-minded and friendly while interacting with students

xvii

Choosing representative questions formulated by students/groups for students to discuss and answer

Follow-up

xviii

xi

Providing open-ended sub-questions (if necessary) to guide students in answering/solving new questions/problems

xix

Giving compliments to individual students and groups who have achieved successful learning