Table 1 Evolution of the secondary science education curriculum in Taiwan
Before 1970 | 1970–1990 | 1990–2000 | After 2000 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Policy Vision | Master scientific knowledge | |||
Learn to apply scientific knowledge | ||||
Learn science process skills | ||||
Cognitive development and knowledge of science concepts | ||||
Learn about science and technology in the society | ||||
Learn about the scientific inquiry approach | ||||
Curriculum Goals | Cultivate citizens’ health | |||
Prepare students for exams | ||||
Technical training for industry careers | ||||
Develop technology talent | ||||
Cultivate citizens’ scientific literacy | ||||
Teaching Activities and Strategies | Lecture-based teaching | |||
Lab experiments | ||||
Application of science to industry | ||||
School-based curriculum | ||||
Teacher and school autonomy | ||||
Student-centered pedagogy | ||||
Evaluation and Assessment | Emphasis on final (summative) assessment and evaluation | |||
Emphasis on formative assessment | ||||
Emphasis on evaluation of basic skills (reading, writing, numeracy skills, ability to apply scientific knowledge to everyday life) | ||||